When was yellow peril

An Archive of Anti-Asian Fear distils and presents a collection of accounts, images and essays related to this fear. The phrase yellow peril sometimes yellow terror or yellow spectre , coined by Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany, in the s, after a dream in which he saw the Buddha riding a dragon threatening to invade Europe, blends western anxieties about sex, racist fears of the alien other, and the Spenglerian belief that the West will become outnumbered and enslaved by the East.

These fears became increasingly reinscribed as ideology through popular cultural products. But in a far-reaching and often enlightening analysis that reveals the very blurred lines of designation in this field, John Kuo Wei Tchen, one of the editors of this book, points out that the colour yellow was originally attributed to natives of India rather than to east Asians. By pointing to the relevance of The Mongols in terms of an ongoing struggle between East and West, the excerpt exposes an apparent American predisposition regarding the necessity of the West to defeat the imagined Asian enemy and to create a narrative history that rationalises state violence by accentuating the apparent brutality of the perceived other.

An Archive of Anti-Asian Fear is unique in presenting a carefully selected repository of anti-Asian images and writing, pop culture artefacts and political polemic, from a diverse and well-researched range of sources that includes excerpts spanning from Hegel and Marx to Jack London and WEB Du Bois.

Stressing that yellow peril is one of the longest-standing and most pervasive racist ideas in western culture, the book traces its history to medieval Europe. Despite its reputation as a fading historical memory, a yellow-peril ideology persists, ranging from storylines in the reboot of the TV serial Battlestar Gallactica to campaign commercials from the US presidential election. Yellow peril, with its focus on biological differences to explain developing civilisations, was part of the rise of eugenics, Darwinism and Nazism in Europe between the two World Wars.

Other theories, such as postcolonialism and linguistic profiling, are only tacitly referred to. These theoretical frames could have added more complexity to the understanding of the development and constitution of yellow perilism.

The book appears to be aimed at an interested general audience while attempting to be academically vigorous, although there seems to be uncertainty about the level at which the content is presented. Further explication and more detailed introduction to the excerpts would have been useful; for instance, are the definition and location of the Eurasian steppe common knowledge? Specific elements are not fully or further developed, such as the physiological distinction of single eye flaps; neither does the book examine examples of yellow perilism that have occurred in countries such as Mexico, which may create problems for the phenomena mostly characterised as West-East relationships.

The collection offers considerable investment in visual references and analysis of political cartoons and advertising imagery, although at times the writing could be expanded, such as the discussion of processes of scapegoating and stereotyping. Some background to the definitions of terminology connected to such processes, and their alliance to psychology and sociology, would have been helpful to the readers.

An intellectually stimulating and ambitious book, Yellow Peril! An Archive of Anti-Asian Fear both benefits and suffers from its broad range. It excels as a fresh and light read with a wide variety of sources and topics, but its breadth prevents the analysis from delving deeper and from including more contrasting viewpoints. With such a broad topic it is inevitably difficult to delimit the central writers and texts, but the editors have done an admirable job of compiling this wide range of materials into an attractive and accessible collection.

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