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Show source. Show detailed source information? Register for free Already a member? Log in. More information. Public focus on and condemnation of overtly racist incidents is consistent with the common belief that sports promote racial egalitarianism, but it may leave the dubious impression that racial bias is otherwise absent from these spaces. We aimed to determine whether the skin tone of players impacts how commentators discuss their in-game play and abilities. To conduct our study, we collected data from a random selection of 54 games from NCAA basketball tournament games from , including the championship game in each year.
By watching video broadcasts, transcribing the audio of in-game announcers, and coding every comment made about every player in the games, we sorted the nearly 2, comments into categories related to performance, physical characteristics, and mental characteristics of the players. To compare the commentary to the skin tones of the players, we collected pictures of each of the over players from basketball rosters and university websites. Next, we tasked over 2, respondents to evaluate the skin tone and race of each player using a skin-tone scale and racial categories.
We categorized players into five main skin-tone quintiles as shown in the graph below. What quickly became clear is that stereotypes about skin tone and race play a significant role in how announcers describe players during games.
Lighter-skinned players were more likely to be described for their performance e. Cleverness, craftiness, and control were often discussed in terms of strategic thinking. Anybody that can tame horses can definitely control opponents on the basketball.
Darker-skinned players were more likely to be described for their physical characteristics e. Announcers focused on the size and height of darker-skinned players even though lighter-skinned players were taller and weighed more.
In turn, it forced Black teams and players to get creative with where and when to play games. Many turned to church basements, halls, armouries and even dance ballrooms. In spite of the roadblocks, Black basketball continued to grow in communities across the country. Black promoters would team up with Black musicians and create dance-basketball events where patrons would be able to attend and dance before and after basketball games.
Ticket sales began to skyrocket ushering Black basketball into the s. As games became more organized, Black teams would compete against each other for the "Coloured Basketball World's Champion" moniker. Lester Walton, a sportswriter editor for the New York Age is credited with coining the term. Each person has their own individual right to protest. Smith: We just wanted to broadcast a sense of unity.
This country is kind of broken right now. We just wanted to come together as a team no matter what race, no matter what background, no matter what religion. Redick: The only time I felt white in a black locker room is with the Donald Sterling thing. Even when I was a kid, I was not aware. We met as a group and we discussed everything.
For me, it was hard. There was nothing really groundbreaking there. The eye-opening thing to me is when I made it personal, I get why people are so upset beyond him saying something stupid and ignorant.
It was personal. Anderson: I like hip-hop, yeah. I think honestly my favorite kind of food is soul food. Like, I love soul food. Like, in college, one of my teammates brought me over to his family, and his mom cooked the best meal of my entire life. Smith: I like to listen to hip-hop, I like to listen to country and I like to listen to rock. Drake has been my go-to the last couple of years.
Washington Wizards forward Jason Smith No. Fredette: I have met many great friends playing in college and AAU. Some of my best friends in the world are black, including my college roommate of three years. I have definitely picked up on slang, music and food as I have had many different teammates from all over the country and world.
McDermott: I listen to more rap, hip-hop in the locker room. I love being around that culture. It makes you realize how blessed you were, you know, growing up. Redick: It does seem there are less and less white Americans.
Are there even five? Part of it is the game is faster. Players play in space. There is more of an emphasis on shooting. Maybe they are not being taught in suburbia. I know a number of my friends that grew up hoping to have this dream of playing in the NBA. A number of white guys, that were point guards or guys that were bigger than me. I was fortunate enough to make it.
I can pretty much name every white American in the NBA. You look at the Warriors and their two best players [Stephen Curry and Klay Thompson] are — at least last year, the last few years — are two guys that are probably more suburban anyways. Growing up around a suburban area there were a lot of activities for us to do.
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